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name, for proxyuser name, local, in Rlogin user name, local, in Windowsuser names, differentvariables, environmentverbose mode$verifying new versions of PuTTY(verifying the host key0version, of Internet Protocol8version, of PuTTYDversion, of SSH protocolHvisual bellPvt220Tweb serverXweb site\white space`wildcardsdwindow borderxwindow caption|window menu„window resizing˜window size¤window title¨window, closing¸window, inactiveÄwindow, maximisingÈwindow, minimisingÐwindow, terminalÔwords, selectingðworking directoryøwrapping, automaticwrapping, terminalwrite permission xtermxterm mouse reporting‘AltGr’ key(‘Alt’ key0‘Change Settings’4‘Clear Scrollback’8‘Duplicate Session’<‘New Session’@‘Raw’ protocolD‘Reset Terminal’H‘Restart Session’L‘Saved Sessions’ submenuP‘X display location’T‘basic’ authentication (HTTP)X‘break’ signal\‘ignore’ messages, in SSH`‘rhosts’ fileh& CJK ambiguous charactersNetwork Address TranslationVT100+bulletin board systemerase screenloading private keysprinting, 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¯€¦¯€N ö[*hŠŠ'‡…‚ƒ1'‡ ƒ"… ‚è‚…ò.Y†b 4Tµ 6…#Y†÷4h@„Z‡#‹ˆ±œY C .‰ ó çUBo€ƒ¦P‘ƒ $+1è†C çꇶ‹o2|†;;‰Z±# &ã!“‚!‡N ¯€C W€ U‡çꇶ‹o2ã© 6§#ÇŠ"h…„9Cñƒ€†cˆˆ¹&±#§#;‰Z€ƒ¡ׄ!è‚}‚ò9  „.9 Ɇ, Š ‘ƒˆG†¹&†'ˆ 0ü.‰ &+œY C ó çUBo€ƒ¦P‘ƒ $a€"N‰Ÿ9ƒ(±E.è„8m ¾‚ Ü 2a€"ÇŠ"BS"ׄ!c#¸" ˆ!¸‚×肉!?i€'†)ÌY†ì‚ ‚‰ƒ-b 4‡ó ˆˆBxPЈˆN ¯€è‚}‚Ô‚òB‰+À}*]v)„×>Š¦X†r  &…†^ƒ¨ˆ ¹"ü.f……†ÌÌ{/ÌC,U­…X„P X„UY†b 49ƒ(  ‚Tµ 6…#Y†÷4| ,| ,.Y† ‚üü   ‚î© 6¹& &'Š ŸŒ† r –‚ U{/±|†; Y h4¦Bçè‚}‚òBS"9ƒ([÷‚ š#9  „. ¡¡è‚}‚òFè‚P „À6© 6œN (‡ €† Œ·€†9·„r‚¨‰¡¡€†cè,3Š3ñƒ¡†'n)è‚P è‚¡òè†Pˆ8Њ‰1çöƒ 3±U€†a€"æ‰ço±c#Ë…‡6X„P X„ì‚è‚…òh4† 4ˆ4ˆ‰A?h…r –‚ U¨ì‚*è,˜…3Š3N ·ì‚¹&†'n)€†% Ÿ¨‰€†¨¨‰w/ñƒ¡†'n)çꇶ‹o2„9a€"¨‰è‚}‚Ô‚òB‰+肱‰,òè‚¡òké„ -‡¡‚¹&n)9ƒ(-‡¡‚(9ƒ( )9ƒ( &è‚¡òŠŠC¶B„‡†ãñƒP X„¨‰¨‰Ô¨‰666ì‚?µ ,0?µ ¹&-‡¡‚BUŠ€€#L†$¹&¦(i€'†) &¹&€ƒ[Ë……1¾‚ Ë…ã,Ca€"'‡ׄ!“€€ׄ! ˆ!Ë…ŠŠ'‡…‚ƒ19 ‚M€é„ è‚}‚ò§#ÇŠ"Ë…c#  ‚î© 6öи"N‰±‹ˆ±ZY†‰ƒ-b 4ö{ [9ƒ(÷‚ .‰ É€%f…¦Ɇf…¦C ñƒÍ¨‰{‰&Z‡*¨ñƒ¶±€ƒ±“€ ˆ!hC,U­…X„P X„66ŠŠ'‡…‚ƒ1ÔòBœC÷‚a€"a€"}ƒw‚÷‚÷‚;‰h‚M€[*Š1ˆˆ¹&A?ˆ,¡Ðˆˆö© ¾‚ Ü 2   |† ‡Ì¡¹&}*†)G†¦(T‰(}*9ƒ(4† Cè,3Š3=a€"w/÷‚ p  %ñŠ:E.Z‡**ˆN ‹ˆ>Š«‚Ç„X† )h € m ?ƒ © ?ƒ œY C ó çUBo€ƒ¦P‘ƒ $Ɇ, Š ‘ƒöÐ ‡+1‹ˆ  §…a¯€  Ɇ±Y†b 4k¨¸‚׈çÌè‚}‚Ô‚òB‰+ˆˆBxP‡6‰A? ˆ!€†9·„r‚¨‰¡¡€†c0üý‰A?Ì{/É…”‡„9B„‡†© ‘ƒh%;€ƒ…†^ƒ¨ˆ ¹" € U‹ˆ>Š«‚Ç„X†öÐö»€ÍU ‰4  €™  Њ‰1U‹ˆ  §…a¯€€ƒã!“‚!Y h4¡a€"{ r ‘ƒço ‰ à DŽ}ƒɆq€q€ãɆq€q€]¨‰  ¡G> I£þOžð@’ê ]Tl!çêRB  #CB("btn_about","&About","About()") CB("btn_up","&Up","Contents()")BrowseButtons()PuTTY User Manual°This manual is copyright 2001-2005 Simon Tatham. All rights reserved. You may distribute this documentation under the MIT licence. See appendix C for the licence text in full.YPÿÿÿÿ FÿÿÿÿR1õÿÿÿÿŠR‰G ContentsDB("btn_up")7 ‰# €(€€‚ÿPuTTY User ManualÇ¡RP& €C€˜€€‚ÿPuTTY is a free (MIT-licensed) Win32 Telnet and SSH client. This manual documents PuTTY, and its companion utilities PSCP, PSFTP, Plink, Pageant and PuTTYgen.¾‰‰5 8€€˜€€€€€€€‚ÿNote to Unix users: this manual currently primarily documents the Windows versions of the PuTTY utilities. Some options are therefore mentioned that are absent from the Unix version; the Unix version has features not described here; and the pterm and command-line puttygen utilities are not described at all. The only Unix-specific documentation that currently exists is the man pages.à´Pî, &€i€˜€€ã4‹ùN‰‚ÿThis manual is copyright 2001-2005 Simon Tatham. All rights reserved. You may distribute this documentation under the MIT licence. See appendix C for the licence text in full.V'D/ .€N€ãÆùN€€€‰‚ÿChapter 1: Introduction to PuTTY[,îŸ/ .€X€ãýÅùN€€€‰‚ÿChapter 2: Getting started with PuTTYLDë/ .€:€ãÆùN€€€‰‚ÿChapter 3: Using PuTTYR#Ÿ=/ .€F€ãþÄùN€€€‰‚ÿChapter 4: Configuring PuTTYf7ë£/ .€n€ãVÅùN€€€‰‚ÿChapter 5: Using PSCP to transfer files securelyg8= / .€p€ã©ÅùN€€€‰‚ÿChapter 6: Using PSFTP to transfer files securelym>£w/ .€|€ãxƒùN€€€‰‚ÿChapter 7: Using the command-line connection tool Plinki: à/ .€t€ã¤ƒùN€€€‰‚ÿChapter 8: Using public keys for SSH authenticationa2wA/ .€d€ã80«f€€€‰‚ÿChapter 9: Using Pageant for authenticationW(à˜/ .€P€ãЃùN€€€‰‚ÿChapter 10: Common error messagesKAã/ .€8€ã„ùN€€€‰‚ÿAppendix A: PuTTY FAQ\-˜?/ .€Z€ã‹ùN€€€‰‚ÿAppendix B: Feedback and bug reportingO ãŽ/ .€@€ã4‹ùN€€€‰‚ÿAppendix C: PuTTY LicenceU&?ã/ .€L€ã5‹ùN€€€‰‚ÿAppendix D: PuTTY hacking guided5ŽG / .€j€ã,¼î4€€€‰‚ÿAppendix E: PuTTY download keys and signatures{Jã 1Šh  L Chapter 1: Introduction to PuTTYCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`Top')");EB("btn_up")N%G  ) "€J€€€€‚ÿChapter 1: Introduction to PuTTYqL % €˜€˜€€‚ÿPuTTY is a free SSH, Telnet and Rlogin client for 32-bit Windows systems.c4 ä / .€h€ãûÅùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 1.1: What are SSH, Telnet and Rlogin?h9 L / .€r€ãüÅùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 1.2: How do SSH, Telnet and Rlogin differ?Ž]ä Ú 1“ ŠñƒÚ 5 yFSection 1.1: What are SSH, Telnet and Rlogin?CBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000000')");EB("btn_up")[2L 5 ) "€d€€€€‚ÿSection 1.1: What are SSH, Telnet and Rlogin?ˆcÚ ½ % €Æ€˜€€‚ÿIf you already know what SSH, Telnet and Rlogin are, you can safely skip on to the next section.²Œ5 o & €€˜€€‚ÿSSH, Telnet and Rlogin are three ways of doing the same thing: logging in to a multi-user computer from another computer, over a network.ø½ & €ñ€˜€€‚ÿMulti-user operating systems, such as Unix and VMS, usually present a command-line interface to the user, much like the ‘Command Prompt’ or ‘MS-DOS Prompt’ in Windows. The system prints a prompt, and you type commands which the system will obey.1 o ¾& €€˜€€‚ÿUsing this type of interface, there is no need for you to be sitting at the same machine you are typing commands to. The commands, and responses, can be sent over a network, so you can sit at one computer and give commands to another one, or even to more than one.†NPA8 >€€˜€€€€€€€€‚ÿSSH, Teln¾PAL et and Rlogin are network protocols that allow you to do this. On the computer you sit at, you run a client, which makes a network connection to the other computer (the server). The network connection carries your keystrokes and commands from the client to the server, and carries the server's responses back to you.+¾{B& € €˜€€‚ÿThese protocols can also be used for other types of keyboard-based interactive session. In particular, there are a lot of bulletin boards, talker systems and MUDs (Multi-User Dungeons) which support access using Telnet. There are even a few that support SSH.W2PAÒB% €d€˜€€‚ÿYou might want to use SSH, Telnet or Rlogin if:–i{BhC- *€Ò€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€‚ÿ•you have an account on a Unix or VMS system which you want to be able to access from somewhere elseßÒBD: B€¿€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€€€€€‚ÿ•your Internet Service Provider provides you with a login account on a web server. (This might also be known as a shell account. A shell is the program that runs on the server and interprets your commands for you.)`hCE- *€À€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€‚ÿ•you want to use a bulletin board system, talker or MUD which can be accessed using Telnet.i>DwE+ &€|€˜€€€€‚ÿYou probably do not want to use SSH, Telnet or Rlogin if:ÔEyF. *€©€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€‚ÿ•you only use Windows. Windows computers have their own ways of networking between themselves, and unless you are doing something fairly unusual, you will not need to use any of these remote login protocols.“bwE G1hZ‰ GlG™MSection 1.2: How do SSH, Telnet and Rlogin differ?CBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000000')");EB("btn_up")`7yFlG) "€n€€€€‚ÿSection 1.2: How do SSH, Telnet and Rlogin differ?tO GàG% €ž€˜€€‚ÿThis list summarises some of the differences between SSH, Telnet and Rlogin.: lGI. *€€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€‚ÿ•SSH (which stands for ‘secure shell’) is a recently designed, high-security protocol. It uses strong cryptography to protect your connection against eavesdropping, hijacking and other attacks. Telnet and Rlogin are both older protocols offering minimal security.Š\àG¤J. *€¹€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€‚ÿ•SSH and Rlogin both allow you to log in to the server without having to type a password. (Rlogin's method of doing this is insecure, and can allow an attacker to access your account on the server. SSH's method is much more secure, and typically breaking the security requires the attacker to have gained access to your actual client machine.)æ¸IŠK. *€q€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€‚ÿ•SSH allows you to connect to the server and automatically send a command, so that the server will run that command and then disconnect. So you can use it in automated processing.I#¤JÓL& €G€˜€€‚ÿThe Internet is a hostile environment and security is everybody's responsibility. If you are connecting across the open Internet, then we recommend you use SSH. If the server you want to connect to doesn't support SSH, it might be worth trying to persuade the administrator to install it.Æ ŠK™M& €A€˜€€‚ÿIf your client and server are both behind the same (good) firewall, it is more likely to be safe to use Telnet or Rlogin, but we still recommend you use SSH.€OÓLN1‚ñƒCNlN­€Chapter 2: Getting started with PuTTYCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`Top')");EB("btn_up")S*™MlN) "€T€€€€‚ÿChapter 2: Getting started with PuTTYˆcNôN% €Æ€˜€€‚ÿThis chapter gives a quick guide to the simplest types of interactive login session using PuTTY.U&lNIO/ .€L€ãþÅùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 2.1: Starting a sessiond5ôN­O/ .€j€ãÿÅùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 2.2: Verifying the host key (SSH only)MIO €/ .€<€ãÆùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 2.3: Logging in­O €™MS$­O_€/ .€H€ãÆùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 2.4: After logging inN €­€/ .€>€ãÆùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 2.5: Logging out€O_€-1®Z‰Ì-zÛˆSection 2.1: Starting a sessionCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000003')");EB("btn_up")M$­€z) "€H€€€€‚ÿSection 2.1: Starting a sessionݱ-W‚, &€c€˜€€ãþÄùN‰‚ÿWhen you start PuTTY, you will see a dialog box. This dialog box allows you to control everything PuTTY can do. See chapter 4 for details of all the things you can control.ʤz!ƒ& €I€˜€€‚ÿYou don't usually need to change most of the configuration options. To start the simplest kind of session, all you need to do is to enter a few basic parameters.É£W‚êƒ& €G€˜€€‚ÿIn the ‘Host Name’ box, enter the Internet host name of the server you want to connect to. You should have been told this by the provider of your login account.Ë“!ƒµ…8 >€'€˜€€ãüÅùN‰€€ã§ÄùN‰‚ÿNow select a login protocol to use, from the ‘Protocol’ buttons. For a login session, you should select Telnet, Rlogin or SSH. See section 1.2 for a description of the differences between the three protocols, and advice on which one to use. The fourth protocol, Raw, is not used for interactive login sessions; you would usually use this for debugging other Internet services (see section 3.6).øêƒÓ‡& €ñ€˜€€‚ÿWhen you change the selected protocol, the number in the ‘Port’ box will change. This is normal: it happens because the various login services are usually provided on different network ports by the server machine. Most servers will use the standard port numbers, so you will not need to change the port setting. If your server provides login services on a non-standard port, your system administrator should have told you which one. (For example, many MUDs run Telnet service on a port other than 23.)âµ…Ûˆ& €Å€˜€€‚ÿOnce you have filled in the ‘Host Name’, ‘Protocol’, and possibly ‘Port’ settings, you are ready to connect. Press the ‘Open’ button at the bottom of the dialog box, and PuTTY will begin trying to connect you to the server.^Ó‡j‰1Ò C€†j‰Æ‰HÇSection 2.2: Verifying the host key (SSH only)CBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000003')");EB("btn_up")\3ۈƉ) "€f€€€€‚ÿSection 2.2: Verifying the host key (SSH only)iDj‰/Š% €ˆ€˜€€‚ÿIf you are not using the SSH protocol, you can skip this section.¤Ɖӊ% €þ€˜€€‚ÿIf you are using SSH to connect to a server for the first time, you will probably see a message looking something like this:_;/Š2‹$ €v€€€‚ÿThe server's host key is not cached in the registry. You\8ÓŠŽ‹$ €p€€€‚ÿhave no guarantee that the server is the computer you32‹Á‹$ €€€€‚ÿthink it is.L(Ž‹ Œ$ €P€€€‚ÿThe server's rsa2 key fingerprint is:c?Á‹pŒ$ €~€€€‚ÿssh-rsa 1024 7b:e5:6f:a7:f4:f9:81:62:5c:e3:1f:bf:8b:57:6c:5aX4 ŒÈŒ$ €h€€€‚ÿIf you trust this host, hit Yes to add the key toM)pŒ$ €R€€€‚ÿPuTTY's cache and carry on connecting.\8ÈŒq$ €p€€€‚ÿIf you want to carry on connecting just once, withoutK'¼$ €N€€€‚ÿadding the key to the cache, hit No._;qŽ$ €v€€€‚ÿIf you do not trust this host, hit Cancel to abandon the3¼NŽ% €€˜€€‚ÿconnection.ФŽ*À, &€I€˜€€€€‚ÿThis is a feature of the SSH protocol. It is designed to protect you against a network attack known as spoofing: secretly redirecting your connection to a different computer, so that you send your password to the wrong machine. Using this technique, an attacker would be able to learn the password that guards your login account, and could then log in as if they were you and use the accNŽ*ÀÛˆount for their own purposes.²†NŽÜÁ, &€ €˜€€€€‚ÿTo prevent this attack, each server has a unique identifying code, called a host key. These keys are created in a way that prevents one server from forging another server's key. So if you connect to a server and it sends you a different host key from the one you were expecting, PuTTY can warn you that the server may have been switched and that a spoofing attack might be in progress.´Ž*ÀÃ& €€˜€€‚ÿPuTTY records the host key for each server you connect to, in the Windows Registry. Every time you connect to a server, it checks that the host key presented by the server is the same host key as it was the last time you connected. If it is not, you will see a warning, and you will have the chance to abandon your connection before you type any private information (such as a password) into it.öÜÁ¬Ä& €í€˜€€‚ÿHowever, when you connect to a server you have not connected to before, PuTTY has no way of telling whether the host key is the right one or not. So it gives the warning shown above, and asks you whether you want to trust this host key or not.œvÃHÇ& €í€˜€€‚ÿWhether or not to trust the host key is your choice. If you are connecting within a company network, you might feel that all the network users are on the same side and spoofing attacks are unlikely, so you might choose to trust the key without checking it. If you are connecting across a hostile network (such as the Internet), you should check with your system administrator, perhaps by telephone or in person. (Some modern servers have more than one host key. If the system administrator sends you more than one fingerprint, you should make sure the one PuTTY shows you is on the list, but it doesn't matter which one it is.)xG¬ÄÀÇ1¥ÌŠŠÀÇÈeÌSection 2.3: Logging inCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000003')");EB("btn_up")EHÇÈ) "€8€€€€‚ÿSection 2.3: Logging in¸’ÀǽÉ& €%€˜€€‚ÿAfter you have connected, and perhaps verified the server's host key, you will be asked to log in, probably using a username and a password. Your system administrator should have provided you with these. Enter the username and the password, and the server should grant you access and begin your session. If you have mistyped your password, most servers will give you several chances to get it right.W1ÈË& €c€˜€€‚ÿIf you are using SSH, be careful not to type your username wrongly, because you will not have a chance to correct it after you press Return; many SSH servers do not permit you to make two login attempts using different usernames. If you type your username wrongly, you must close PuTTY and start again.Q+½ÉeÌ& €W€˜€€‚ÿIf your password is refused but you are sure you have typed it correctly, check that Caps Lock is not enabled. Many login servers, particularly Unix computers, treat upper case and lower case as different when checking your password; so if Caps Lock is on, your password will probably be refused.~MËãÌ1Ò€† ŒãÌ.͵ÎSection 2.4: After logging inCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000003')");EB("btn_up")K"eÌ.Í) "€D€€€€‚ÿSection 2.4: After logging in‡aã̵Î& €Ã€˜€€‚ÿAfter you log in to the server, what happens next is up to the server! Most servers will print some sort of login message and then present a prompt, at which you can type commands which the server will carry out. Some servers will offer you on-line help; others might not. If you are in doubt about what to do next, consult your system administrator.yH.Í.Ï1&ŠŠB .ÏtÏ`Section 2.5: Logging outCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000003')");EB("btn_up")FµÎtÏ) "€:€€€€‚ÿSection 2.5: Logging outr@.Ïò2 2€€˜€€€€€€‚ÿWhen you have finished your session, you should log out by typing the server's own logouttÏòµÎ command. This might vary between servers; if in doubt, try logout or exit, or consult a manual or your system administrator. When the server processes your logout command, the PuTTY window should close itself automatically.nBtÏ`, &€…€˜€€€€‚ÿYou can close a PuTTY session using the Close button in the window border, but this might confuse the server - a bit like hanging up a telephone unexpectedly in the middle of a conversation. We recommend you do not do this unless the server has stopped responding to you and you cannot close the window any other way.q@òÑ1Á Œe Ñ’Chapter 3: Using PuTTYCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`Top')");EB("btn_up")D`) "€6€€€€‚ÿChapter 3: Using PuTTYâ¶Ñ÷, &€m€˜€€ãþÄùN‰‚ÿThis chapter provides a general introduction to some more advanced features of PuTTY. For extreme detail and reference purposes, chapter 4 is likely to contain more information.V'M/ .€N€ãÄùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 3.1: During your sessionf7÷³/ .€n€ã£ÄùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 3.2: Creating a log file of your sessionl=M/ .€z€ã¤ÄùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 3.3: Altering your character set configuration^/³}/ .€^€ã¥ÄùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 3.4: Using X11 forwarding in SSH_0Ü/ .€`€ã¦ÄùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 3.5: Using port forwarding in SSH].}9/ .€\€ã§ÄùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 3.6: Making raw TCP connectionsY*Ü’/ .€T€ã¨ÄùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 3.7: The PuTTY command lineP91}B a Section 3.1: During your sessionCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000009')");EB("btn_up")N%’a) "€J€€€€‚ÿSection 3.1: During your session ú& €õ€˜€€‚ÿA lot of PuTTY's complexity and features are in the configuration panel. Once you have worked your way through that and started a session, things should be reasonably simple after that. Nevertheless, there are a few more useful features available.].aÞ/ .€\€ãxÄùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 3.1.1: Copying and pasting text^/< / .€^€ãyÄùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 3.1.2: Scrolling the screen backT%Þ / .€J€ãzÄùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 3.1.3: The System menuˆW<  1 ef…  m DGSection 3.1.1: Copying and pasting textCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000010')");EB("btn_up")U, m ) "€X€€€€‚ÿSection 3.1.1: Copying and pasting textº” ' & €)€˜€€‚ÿOften in a PuTTY session you will find text on your terminal screen which you want to type in again. Like most other terminal emulators, PuTTY allows you to copy and paste the text rather than having to type it again. Also, copy and paste uses the Windows clipboard, so that you can paste (for example) URLs into a web browser, or paste from a word processor or spreadsheet into your terminal session.Õm (, &€«€˜€€€€‚ÿPuTTY's copy and paste works entirely with the mouse. In order to copy text to the clipboard, you just click the left mouse button in the terminal window, and drag to select text. When you let go of the button, the text is automatically copied to the clipboard. You do not need to press Ctrl-C or Ctrl-Ins; in fact, if you do press Ctrl-C, PuTTY will send a Ctrl-C character down your session to the server where it will probably cause a process to be interrupted.ôÂ' (A2 2€…€˜€€ãÙ“§.‰€€‚ÿPasting is done using the right button (or the middle mouse button, if you have a three-button mouse and have set it up; see section 4.11.2). (Pressing Shift-Ins, or selecting ‘Paste’ from the Ctrl+right-click context menu, have the same effect.) When you click the right mouse button, PuTTY will read whatever is in the Windows clipboard and paste it into your session, exactly as if it had been typed at the keyboar((A d. (Therefore, be careful of pasting formatted text into an editor that does automatic indenting; you may find that the spaces pasted from the clipboard plus the spaces added by the editor add up to too many spaces and ruin the formatting. There is nothing PuTTY can do about this.)¸†(àB2 2€ €˜€€ãý@‰€€‚ÿIf you double-click the left mouse button, PuTTY will select a whole word. If you double-click, hold down the second click, and drag the mouse, PuTTY will select a sequence of whole words. (You can adjust precisely what PuTTY considers to be part of a word; see section 4.11.5.) If you triple-click, or triple-click and drag, then PuTTY will select a whole line or sequence of lines.k?(AKD, &€€˜€€ã ·kJ‰‚ÿIf you want to select a rectangular region instead of selecting to the end of each line, you can do this by holding down Alt when you make your selection. (You can also configure rectangular selection to be the default, and then holding down Alt gives the normal behaviour instead. See section 4.11.4 for details.)‡aàBÒE& €Ã€˜€€‚ÿIf you have a middle mouse button, then you can use it to adjust an existing selection if you selected something slightly wrong. (If you have configured the middle mouse button to paste, then the right mouse button does this instead.) Click the button on the screen, and you can pick up the nearest end of the selection and drag it to somewhere else.r@KDDG2 2€€˜€€ãⳄ‰ã.Àà‰‚ÿIt's possible for the server to ask to handle mouse clicks in the PuTTY window itself. If this happens, the mouse pointer will turn into an arrow, and using the mouse to copy and paste will only work if you hold down Shift. See section 4.6.2 and section 4.11.3 for details of this feature and how to configure it.‰XÒEÍG1Æ‹ˆ ÍG#H“KSection 3.1.2: Scrolling the screen backCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000010')");EB("btn_up")V-DG#H) "€Z€€€€‚ÿSection 3.1.2: Scrolling the screen backlFÍGI& €€˜€€‚ÿPuTTY keeps track of text that has scrolled up off the top of the terminal. So if something appears on the screen that you want to read, but it scrolls too fast and it's gone by the time you try to look for it, you can use the scrollbar on the right side of the window to look back up the session history and find it again.%ÿ#H´J& €ÿ€˜€€‚ÿAs well as using the scrollbar, you can also page the scrollback up and down by pressing Shift-PgUp and Shift-PgDn. You can scroll a line at a time using Ctrl-PgUp and Ctrl-PgDn. These are still available if you configure the scrollbar to be invisible.ß³I“K, &€g€˜€€ã¨;‹‰‚ÿBy default the last 200 lines scrolled off the top are preserved for you to look at. You can increase (or decrease) this value using the configuration box; see section 4.7.3.N´JL1rf…ÆL^LSection 3.1.3: The System menuCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000010')");EB("btn_up")L#“K^L) "€F€€€€‚ÿSection 3.1.3: The System menu úL~M& €õ€˜€€‚ÿIf you click the left mouse button on the icon in the top left corner of PuTTY's terminal window, or click the right mouse button on the title bar, you will see the standard Windows system menu containing items like Minimise, Move, Size and Close.¸’^L6N& €%€˜€€‚ÿPuTTY's system menu contains extra program features in addition to the Windows standard options. These extra menu commands are described below.¿™~MõN& €3€˜€€‚ÿ(These options are also available in a context menu brought up by holding Ctrl and clicking with the right mouse button anywhere in the PuTTY window.)Z+6NOO/ .€V€ã{ÄùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 3.1.3.1: The PuTTY Event LogW(õN¦O/ .€P€ã|ÄùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 3.1.3.2: Special commands\-OO€/ .€Z€ã}ÄùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 3.1.3.3: Starting new sessions¦O€“Ke6¦Os€/ .€l€ã~ÄùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 3.1.3.4: Changing your session settings\-€Ï€/ .€Z€ãÄùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 3.1.3.5: Copy All to Clipboardj;s€9/ .€v€ã€ÄùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 3.1.3.6: Clearing and resetting the terminalW(Ï€/ .€P€ã¬ÄùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 3.1.3.7: Full screen mode…T9‚1¸‹ˆ ‚g‚Í„Section 3.1.3.1: The PuTTY Event LogCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000013')");EB("btn_up")R)g‚) "€R€€€€‚ÿSection 3.1.3.1: The PuTTY Event LogX2‚¿ƒ& €e€˜€€‚ÿIf you choose ‘Event Log’ from the system menu, a small window will pop up in which PuTTY logs significant events during the connection. Most of the events in the log will probably take place during session startup, but a few can occur at any point in the session, and one or two occur right at the end.èg‚Í„& €Ñ€˜€€‚ÿYou can use the mouse to select one or more lines of the Event Log, and hit the Copy button to copy them to the clipboard. If you are reporting a bug, it's often useful to paste the contents of the Event Log into your bug report.‚Q¿ƒO…1# Æq€O…ž…£ÀSection 3.1.3.2: Special commandsCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000013')");EB("btn_up")O&Í„ž…) "€L€€€€‚ÿSection 3.1.3.2: Special commandsrLO…‡& €™€˜€€‚ÿDepending on the protocol used for the current session, there may be a submenu of ‘special commands’. These are protocol-specific tokens, such as a ‘break’ signal, that can be sent down a connection in addition to normal data. Their precise effect is usually up to the server. Currently only Telnet and SSH have special commands._:ž…o‡% €t€˜€€‚ÿThe following special commands are available in Telnet:@‡¯‡- *€&€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€‚ÿ•Are You There8 o‡ç‡- *€€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€‚ÿ•Break8 ¯‡ˆ- *€€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€‚ÿ•SynchBç‡aˆ- *€*€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€‚ÿ•Erase Character’fˆóˆ, (€Ì€˜‘€€ãìA/‰‚ÿPuTTY can also be configured to send this when the Backspace key is pressed; see section 4.16.3. =aˆ0‰- *€ €T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€‚ÿ•Erase Line;óˆk‰- *€€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€‚ÿ•Go Ahead?0‰ª‰- *€$€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€‚ÿ•No Operation@k‰ê‰& €4€˜‘€€‚ÿShould have no effect. @ª‰*Š- *€&€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€‚ÿ•Abort Process?ê‰iŠ- *€$€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€‚ÿ•Abort OutputD*Š­Š- *€.€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€‚ÿ•Interrupt Process…YiŠ2‹, (€²€˜‘€€ãìA/‰‚ÿPuTTY can also be configured to send this when Ctrl-C is typed; see section 4.16.3. B­Št‹- *€*€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€‚ÿ•Suspend Process…Y2‹ù‹, (€²€˜‘€€ãìA/‰‚ÿPuTTY can also be configured to send this when Ctrl-Z is typed; see section 4.16.3. @t‹9Œ- *€&€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€‚ÿ•End Of Record>ù‹wŒ- *€"€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€‚ÿ•End Of FilekF9ŒâŒ% €Œ€˜€€‚ÿIn an SSH connection, the following special commands are available:AwŒ#- *€(€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€‚ÿ•IGNORE message@âŒc& €4€˜‘€€‚ÿShould have no effect. F#©- *€2€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€‚ÿ•Repeat key exchangeæ¹cŽ- (€s€˜‘€€ã៉‚ÿOnly available in SSH-2. Forces a repeat key exchange immediately (and resets associated timers and counters). For more information about repeat key exchanges, see section 4.19.2. 8 ©ÇŽ- *€€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€‚ÿ•BreakÄŽ‹' €;€˜‘€€‚ÿOnly available in SSH-2, and only during a session. Optional extension; may not be supported by server. PuTTY requests the server's default break length. P#ÇŽ À- *€F€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€‚ÿ•Signals (SIGINT, SIGTERM etc)‹ ÀÍ„—q‹£À& €â€˜‘€€‚ÿOnly available in SSH-2, and only during a session. Sends various POSIX signals. Not honoured by all servers. ‡V À*Á1 }ƒ*Á~Á@ÅSection 3.1.3.3: Starting new sessionsCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000013')");EB("btn_up")T+£À~Á) "€V€€€€‚ÿSection 3.1.3.3: Starting new sessionsnI*ÁìÁ% €’€˜€€‚ÿPuTTY's system menu provides some shortcut ways to start new sessions:§z~Á“Â- *€ô€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€‚ÿ•Selecting ‘New Session’ will start a completely new instance of PuTTY, and bring up the configuration box as normal.çìÁ¨Ã. *€Ï€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€‚ÿ•Selecting ‘Duplicate Session’ will start a session in a new window with precisely the same options as your current one - connecting to the same host using the same protocol, with all the same terminal settings and everything.©|“ÂQÄ- *€ø€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€‚ÿ•In an inactive window, selecting ‘Restart Session’ will do the same as ‘Duplicate Session’, but in the current window.ﻨÃ@Å4 6€w€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€ã}§B‰‚ÿ•The ‘Saved Sessions’ submenu gives you quick access to any sets of stored session details you have previously saved. See section 4.1.2 for details of how to create saved sessions._QÄÐÅ1æq€î…ÐÅ-ƶÈSection 3.1.3.4: Changing your session settingsCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000013')");EB("btn_up")]4@Å-Æ) "€h€€€€‚ÿSection 3.1.3.4: Changing your session settingsP*ÐÅ}Ç& €U€˜€€‚ÿIf you select ‘Change Settings’ from the system menu, PuTTY will display a cut-down version of its initial configuration box. This allows you to adjust most properties of your current session. You can change the terminal size, the font, the actions of various keypresses, the colours, and so on.9-ƶÈ& €'€˜€€‚ÿSome of the options that are available in the main configuration box are not shown in the cut-down Change Settings box. These are usually options which don't make sense to change in the middle of a session (for example, you can't switch from SSH to Telnet in mid-session).‡V}Ç=É1*}ƒɆ=É‘ÉgÊSection 3.1.3.5: Copy All to ClipboardCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000013')");EB("btn_up")T+¶È‘É) "€V€€€€‚ÿSection 3.1.3.5: Copy All to ClipboardÖ°=ÉgÊ& €a€˜€€‚ÿThis system menu option provides a convenient way to copy the whole contents of the terminal screen (up to the last nonempty line) and scrollback to the clipboard in one go.•d‘ÉüÊ1êî…>ŠüÊ^ËæÎSection 3.1.3.6: Clearing and resetting the terminalCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000013')");EB("btn_up")b9gÊ^Ë) "€r€€€€‚ÿSection 3.1.3.6: Clearing and resetting the terminalùÓüÊWÍ& €§€˜€€‚ÿThe ‘Clear Scrollback’ option on the system menu tells PuTTY to discard all the lines of text that have been kept after they scrolled off the top of the screen. This might be useful, for example, if you displayed sensitive information and wanted to make sure nobody could look over your shoulder and see it. (Note that this only prevents a casual user from using the scrollbar to view the information; the text is not guaranteed not to still be in PuTTY's memory.)i^ËæÎ& €Ó€˜€€‚ÿThe ‘Reset Terminal’ option causes a full reset of the terminal emulation. A VT-series terminal is a complex piece of software and can easily get into a state where all the text printed becomes unreadable. (This can happen, for example, if you accidentally output a binary file to your terminal.) If this happens, selecting Reset Terminal should sort it out.‚QWÍhÏ1½ɆœhÏ·Ï1Section 3.1.3.7: Full screen modeCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000013')");EB("btn_up")O&æηÏ) "€L€€€€‚ÿSection 3.1.3.7: Full screen mode¦zhÏi, &€õ€˜€€ã¨;‹‰‚ÿIf you find the title bar on·ÏiæÎ a maximised window to be ugly or distracting, you can select Full Screen mode to maximise PuTTY ‘even more’. When you select this, PuTTY will expand to fill the whole screen and its borders, title bar and scrollbar will disappear. (You can configure the scrollbar not to disappear in full-screen mode if you want to keep it; see section 4.7.3.)Èœ·Ï1, &€9€˜€€€€‚ÿWhen you are in full-screen mode, you can still access the system menu if you click the left mouse button in the extreme top left corner of the screen.‘`iÂ1ª>Š¦Â lSection 3.2: Creating a log file of your sessionCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000009')");EB("btn_up")^51 ) "€j€€€€‚ÿSection 3.2: Creating a log file of your sessionÃÂã& €;€˜€€‚ÿFor some purposes you may find you want to log everything that appears on your screen. You can do this using the ‘Logging’ panel in the configuration box., & € €˜€€‚ÿTo begin a session log, select ‘Change Settings’ from the system menu and go to the Logging panel. Enter a log file name, and select a logging mode. (You can log all session output including the terminal control sequences, or you can just log the printable text. It depends what you want the log for.) Click ‘Apply’ and your log will be started. Later on, you can go back to the Logging panel and select ‘Logging turned off completely’ to stop logging; then PuTTY will close the log file and you can safely read it.]2ãl+ &€d€˜€€ã¢ ²`‰‚ÿSee section 4.2 for more details and options.—f18œ]g; Section 3.3: Altering your character set configurationCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000009')");EB("btn_up")d;lg) "€v€€€€‚ÿSection 3.3: Altering your character set configurationžr , &€å€˜€€€€‚ÿIf you find that special characters (accented characters, for example, or line-drawing characters) are not being displayed correctly in your PuTTY session, it may be that PuTTY is interpreting the characters sent by the server according to the wrong character set. There are a lot of different character sets available, so it's entirely possible for this to happen.6 g; , &€€˜€€ã)ÅùN‰‚ÿIf you click ‘Change Settings’ and look at the ‘Translation’ panel, you should see a large number of character sets which you can select, and other related options. Now all you need is to find out which of them you want! (See section 4.10 for more information.)‰X Ä 1Á ¦è‚Ä  ‘DSection 3.4: Using X11 forwarding in SSHCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000009')");EB("btn_up")V-;  ) "€Z€€€€‚ÿSection 3.4: Using X11 forwarding in SSHDÄ ^ & €=€˜€€‚ÿThe SSH protocol has the ability to securely forward X Window System applications over your encrypted SSH connection, so that you can run an application on the SSH server machine and have it put its windows up on your local machine without sending any X network traffic in the clear.A Ÿ & €7€˜€€‚ÿIn order to use this feature, you will need an X display server for your Windows machine, such as Cygwin/X, X-Win32, or Exceed. This will probably install itself as display number 0 on your local machine; if it doesn't, the manual for the X server should tell you what it does do.¢p^ A2 2€á€˜€€ãwÑJ¶‰€€‚ÿYou should then tick the ‘Enable X11 forwarding’ box in the Tunnels panel (see section 4.21) before starting your SSH session. The ‘X display location’ box is blank by default, which means that PuTTY will try to use a sensible default such as :0, which is the usual display location where your X server will be installed. If that needs changing, then change it.!õŸ n@, &€ë€˜€€ã{ÄùN‰‚ÿNow you should be able to log in to the SSH server as normal. To check that X forwarding has been successfully negotiated during connection startuAn@; p, you can check the PuTTY Event Log (see section 3.1.3.1). It should say something like this:T0AÂ@$ €`€€€‚ÿ2001-12-05 17:22:01 Requesting X11 forwardingR-n@A% €Z€˜€€‚ÿ2001-12-05 17:22:02 X11 forwarding enabledïÃÂ@B, &€‡€˜€€€€‚ÿIf the remote system is Unix or Unix-like, you should also be able to see that the DISPLAY environment variable has been set to point at display 10 or above on the SSH server machine itself:D AGB$ €@€€€‚ÿfred@unixbox:~$ echo $DISPLAY4B{B% €€˜€€‚ÿunixbox:10.0«…GB&C& € €˜€€‚ÿIf this works, you should then be able to run X applications in the remote session and have them display their windows on your PC.ýÑ{B#D, &€£€˜€€ã‹ùN‰‚ÿNote that if your PC X server requires authentication to connect, then PuTTY cannot currently support it. If this is a problem for you, you should mail the PuTTY authors and give details (see appendix B).nC&C‘D+ &€†€˜€€ãwÑJ¶‰‚ÿFor more options relating to X11 forwarding, see section 4.21.ŠY#DE1¶]ãErEÝŠSection 3.5: Using port forwarding in SSHCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000009')");EB("btn_up")W.‘DrE) "€\€€€€‚ÿSection 3.5: Using port forwarding in SSHpJEâF& €•€˜€€‚ÿThe SSH protocol has the ability to forward arbitrary network connections over your encrypted SSH connection, to avoid the network traffic being sent in clear. For example, you could use this to connect from your home computer to a POP-3 server on a remote machine without your POP-3 password being visible to network sniffers.•prEwG% €à€˜€€‚ÿIn order to use port forwarding to connect from your local machine to a port on a remote server, you need to:!óâF˜H. *€ç€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€‚ÿ•Choose a port number on your local machine where PuTTY should listen for incoming connections. There are likely to be plenty of unused port numbers above 3000. (You can also use a local loopback address here; see below for more details.)¥kwG=J: B€×€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€ãíˆÆ#‰€€‚ÿ•Now, before you start your SSH connection, go to the Tunnels panel (see section 4.22). Make sure the ‘Local’ radio button is set. Enter the local port number into the ‘Source port’ box. Enter the destination host name and port number into the ‘Destination’ box, separated by a colon (for example, popserver.example.com:110 to connect to a POP-3 server).‘d˜HÎJ- *€È€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€‚ÿ•Now click the ‘Add’ button. The details of your port forwarding should appear in the list box.¶Š=J„L, &€€˜€€ã{ÄùN‰‚ÿNow start your session and log in. (Port forwarding will not be enabled until after you have logged in; otherwise it would be easy to perform completely anonymous network attacks, and gain access to anyone's virtual private network.) To check that PuTTY has set up the port forwarding correctly, you can look at the PuTTY Event Log (see section 3.1.3.1). It should say something like this:X4ÎJÜL$ €h€€€‚ÿ2001-12-05 17:22:10 Local port 3110 forwarding toJ%„L&M% €J€˜€€‚ÿ popserver.example.com:110ÂÜLèN2 2€!€˜€€€€€€‚ÿNow if you connect to the source port number on your local PC, you should find that it answers you exactly as if it were the service running on the destination machine. So in this example, you could then configure an e-mail client to use localhost:3110 as a POP-3 server instead of popserver.example.com:110. (Of course, the forwarding will stop happening when your PuTTY session closes down.)è¶&MÜ€2 2€m€˜€€€€€€‚ÿYou can also forward ports in the other direction: arrange for a particular port number on the server machine to be forwarded back to your PC as a connection to a service on your PC or near it. To do this, just select the ‘RemoèNÜ€‘Dte’ radio button instead of the ‘Local’ one. The ‘Source port’ box will now specify a port number on the server (note that most servers will not allow you to use port numbers under 1024 for this purpose).U)èN1ƒ, &€S€˜€€ãg v–‰‚ÿAn alternative way to forward local connections to remote hosts is to use dynamic SOCKS proxying. For this, you will need to select the ‘Dynamic’ radio button instead of ‘Local’, and then you should not enter anything into the ‘Destination’ box (it will be ignored). This will cause PuTTY to listen on the port you have specified, and provide a SOCKS proxy service to any programs which connect to that port. So, in particular, you can forward other PuTTY connections through it by setting up the Proxy control panel (see section 4.15 for details). úÜ€Q„& €õ€˜€€‚ÿThe source port for a forwarded connection usually does not accept connections from any machine except the SSH client or server machine itself (for local and remote forwardings respectively). There are controls in the Tunnels panel to change this:$ö1ƒu…. *€í€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€‚ÿ•The ‘Local ports accept connections from other hosts’ option allows you to set up local-to-remote port forwardings (including dynamic port forwardings) in such a way that machines other than your client PC can connect to the forwarded port.‹]Q„‡. *€»€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€‚ÿ•The ‘Remote ports do the same’ option does the same thing for remote-to-local port forwardings (so that machines other than the SSH server machine can connect to the forwarded port.) Note that this feature is only available in the SSH-2 protocol, and not all SSH-2 servers honour it (in OpenSSH, for example, it's usually disabled by default).Äu…Š> J€‰€˜€€€€€€€€€€‚ÿYou can also specify an IP address to listen on. Typically a Windows machine can be asked to listen on any single IP address in the 127.*.*.* range, and all of these are loopback addresses available only to the local machine. So if you forward (for example) 127.0.0.5:79 to a remote machine's finger port, then you should be able to run commands such as finger fred@127.0.0.5. This can be useful if the program connecting to the forwarded port doesn't allow you to change the port number it uses. This feature is available for local-to-remote forwarded ports; SSH-1 is unable to support it for remote-to-local ports, while SSH-2 can support it in theory but servers will not necessarily cooperate.Û©‡ÝŠ2 2€S€˜€€€€ã:ŒùN‰‚ÿ(Note that if you're using Windows XP Service Pack 2, you may need to obtain a fix from Microsoft in order to use addresses like 127.0.0.5 - see question A.7.20.)ˆWŠe‹1˜è‚e‹º‹ ÂSection 3.6: Making raw TCP connectionsCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000009')");EB("btn_up")U,ÝŠº‹) "€X€€€€‚ÿSection 3.6: Making raw TCP connectionsF e‹& €A€˜€€‚ÿA lot of Internet protocols are composed of commands and responses in plain text. For example, SMTP (the protocol used to transfer e-mail), NNTP (the protocol used to transfer Usenet news), and HTTP (the protocol used to serve Web pages) all consist of commands in readable plain text.Áº‹ÁŽ2 2€€˜€€€€€€‚ÿSometimes it can be useful to connect directly to one of these services and speak the protocol ‘by hand’, by typing protocol commands and watching the responses. On Unix machines, you can do this using the system's telnet command to connect to the right port number. For example, telnet mailserver.example.com 25 might enable you to talk directly to the SMTP service running on a mail server.ôÂÁÀ2 2€…€˜€€€€€€‚ÿAlthough the Unix telnet program provides this functionality, the protocol being used is not really Telnet. Really there is no actual protocol at all; the bytes sent down the connection are exactly the ones you type, and the bytes shown on the screen are exactly theÁŽÁÀÝŠ ones sent by the server. Unix telnet will attempt to detect or guess whether the service it is talking to is a real Telnet service or not; PuTTY prefers to be told for certain.HÁŽ Â, &€9€˜€€ã-¥™¦‰‚ÿIn order to make a debugging connection to a service of this type, you simply select the fourth protocol name, ‘Raw’, from the ‘Protocol’ buttons in the ‘Session’ configuration panel. (See section 4.1.1.) You can then enter a host name and a port number, and make the connection.„SÁÀÂ17ãw‚ÂÞÂÄÄSection 3.7: The PuTTY command lineCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000009')");EB("btn_up")Q( ÂÞÂ) "€P€€€€‚ÿSection 3.7: The PuTTY command lineʤ¨Ã& €I€˜€€‚ÿPuTTY can be made to do various things without user intervention by supplying command-line arguments (e.g., from a command prompt window, or a Windows shortcut).m>ÞÂÄ/ .€|€ã©ÄùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 3.7.1: Starting a session from the command lineM¨ÃbÄ/ .€<€ãZ%Õ:€€€‰‚ÿSection 3.7.2: -cleanupb3ÄÄÄ/ .€f€ãªÄùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 3.7.3: Standard command-line options˜gbÄ\Å1ÑË…\ÅÁÅ-ÊSection 3.7.1: Starting a session from the command lineCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000026')");EB("btn_up")e<ÄÄÁÅ) "€x€€€€‚ÿSection 3.7.1: Starting a session from the command line†a\ÅGÆ% €Â€˜€€‚ÿThese options allow you to bypass the configuration window and launch straight into a session.^3ÁÅ¥Æ+ &€f€˜€€€€‚ÿTo start a connection to a server called host:_:GÆÇ% €t€˜€€‚ÿputty.exe [-ssh | -telnet | -rlogin | -raw] [user@]host'ï¥Æ+È8 >€ß€˜€€ã}§B‰€€ã×ÄùN‰‚ÿIf this syntax is used, settings are taken from the Default Settings (see section 4.1.2); user overrides these settings if supplied. Also, you can specify a protocol, which will override the default protocol (see section 3.7.3.2).Á›ÇìÈ& €7€˜€€‚ÿFor telnet sessions, the following alternative syntax is supported (this makes PuTTY suitable for use as a URL handler for telnet URLs in web browsers):G"+È3É% €D€˜€€‚ÿputty.exe telnet://host[:port]/´}ìÈçÉ7 >€ú€˜€€€€€€ã«ÄùN‰‚ÿIn order to start an existing saved session called sessionname, use the -load option (described in section 3.7.3.1).F!3É-Ê% €B€˜€€‚ÿputty.exe -load "session name"xGçÉ¥Ê1Þw‚(‡¥ÊêʃÌSection 3.7.2: -cleanupCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000026')");EB("btn_up")E-ÊêÊ) "€8€€€€‚ÿSection 3.7.2: -cleanupé½¥ÊÓË, &€{€˜€€€€‚ÿIf invoked with the -cleanup option, rather than running as normal, PuTTY will remove its registry entries and random seed file from the local machine (after confirming with the user).°„êʃÌ, &€ €˜€€€€‚ÿNote that on multi-user systems, -cleanup only removes registry entries and files associated with the currently logged-in user.\ÓËÍ1- Ë…[ÍjÍMSection 3.7.3: Standard command-line optionsCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000026')");EB("btn_up")Z1ƒÌjÍ) "€b€€€€‚ÿSection 3.7.3: Standard command-line options6Í Î& €!€˜€€‚ÿPuTTY and its associated tools support a range of command-line options, most of which are consistent across all the tools. This section lists the available options in all tools. Options which are specific to a particular tool are covered in the chapter about that tool.f4jÍÏ2 4€h€ã«ÄùN€€€€‰‚ÿSection 3.7.3.1: -load: load a saved session•Q Î›ÏD X€¢€ã×ÄùN€€€€€€€€€€‰‚ÿSection 3.7.3.2: Selecting a protocol: -ssh, -telnet, -rlogin, -rawa/Ï 2 4€^€ãÎÄùN€€€€‰‚ÿSection 3.7.3.3: -v: increase verbosity›Ï ƒÌc1›Ïo2 4€b€ãÏÄùN€€€€‰‚ÿSection 3.7.3.4: -l: specify a login nameC ð> L€†€ãÐÄùN€€€€€€€€‰‚ÿSection 3.7.3.5: -L, -R and -D: set up port forwardingszHoj2 4€€ãÑÄùN€€€€‰‚ÿSection 3.7.3.6: -m: read a remote command or script from a filed2ðÎ2 4€d€ãÒÄùN€€€€‰‚ÿSection 3.7.3.7: -P: specify a port numberb0j02 4€`€ãÓÄùN€€€€‰‚ÿSection 3.7.3.8: -pw: specify a passwordv>Φ8 @€|€ãÔÄùN€€€€€€‰‚ÿSection 3.7.3.9: -A and -a: control agent forwardingu=08 @€z€ãÕÄùN€€€€€€‰‚ÿSection 3.7.3.10: -X and -x: control X11 forwardingI¦œ8 @€’€ãÖÄùN€€€€€€‰‚ÿSection 3.7.3.11: -t and -T: control pseudo-terminal allocationtB2 4€„€ãÅùN€€€€‰‚ÿSection 3.7.3.12: -N: suppress starting a shell or commandb0œr2 4€`€ãùÄùN€€€€‰‚ÿSection 3.7.3.13: -C: enable compression~Fð8 @€Œ€ãúÄùN€€€€€€‰‚ÿSection 3.7.3.14: -1 and -2: specify an SSH protocol versionƒKrs8 @€–€ãûÄùN€€€€€€‰‚ÿSection 3.7.3.15: -4 and -6: specify an Internet protocol versionj8ðÝ2 4€p€ãüÄùN€€€€‰‚ÿSection 3.7.3.16: -i: specify an SSH private keyp>sM2 4€|€ãýÄùN€€€€‰‚ÿSection 3.7.3.17: -pgpfp: display PGP key fingerprints\ÝÚ1a(‡¶Ú8; Section 3.7.3.1: -load: load a saved sessionCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000028')");EB("btn_up")^2M8, (€d€€€€€‚ÿSection 3.7.3.1: -load: load a saved sessionê¾Ú", &€}€˜€€€€‚ÿThe -load option causes PuTTY to load configuration details out of a saved session. If these details include a host name, then this option is all you need to make PuTTY start a session.mH8% €€˜€€‚ÿYou need double quotes around the session name if it contains spaces.½—"L & €/€˜€€‚ÿIf you want to create a Windows shortcut to start a PuTTY saved session, this is the option you should use: your shortcut should call something likeO*› % €T€˜€€‚ÿd:\path\to\putty.exe -load "my session" bL ; > J€Å€˜€€€€€€€€€€‚ÿ(Note that PuTTY itself supports an alternative form of this option, for backwards compatibility. If you execute putty @sessionname it will have the same effect as putty -load "sessionname". With the @ form, no double quotes are required, and the @ sign must be the very first thing on the command line. This form of the option is deprecated.)¤s› ß 1»[ý ß l šSection 3.7.3.2: Selecting a protocol: -ssh, -telnet, -rlogin, -rawCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000028')");EB("btn_up")O; l > L€ž€€€€€€€€€€€‚ÿSection 3.7.3.2: Selecting a protocol: -ssh, -telnet, -rlogin, -raw|Wß è % €®€˜€€‚ÿTo choose which protocol you want to connect with, you can use one of these options:U%l = 0 0€J€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€€‚ÿ•-ssh selects the SSH protocol.[+è ˜ 0 0€V€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€€‚ÿ•-telnet selects the Telnet protocol.[+= ó 0 0€V€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€€‚ÿ•-rlogin selects the Rlogin protocol.U%˜ H0 0€J€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€€‚ÿ•-raw selects the raw protocol.šuó â% €ê€˜€€‚ÿThese options are not available in the file transfer tools PSCP and PSFTP (which only work with the SSH protocol).¸ŒHš, &€€˜€€ã-¥™¦‰‚ÿThese options are equivalent to the protocol selection buttons in the Session panel of the PuTTY configuration box (see section 4.1.1).ˆWâ.@1‘¶9!.@‡@¿ASection 3.7.3.3: -v: increase verbosityCBB("btn_up",š.@š"JI(`',`t00000028')");EB("btn_up")Y-š‡@, (€Z€€€€€‚ÿSection 3.7.3.3: -v: increase verbosity8 .@¿A, &€€˜€€€€‚ÿMost of the PuTTY tools can be made to tell you more about what they are doing by supplying the -v option. If you are having trouble when making a connection, or you're simply curious, you can turn this switch on and hope to find out more about what is happening.ŠY‡@IB1Îý}‚"IB¤BDSection 3.7.3.4: -l: specify a login nameCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000028')");EB("btn_up")[/¿A¤B, (€^€€€€€‚ÿSection 3.7.3.4: -l: specify a login name»‰IB_C2 2€€˜€€€€€€‚ÿYou can specify the user name to log in as on the remote server using the -l option. For example, plink login.example.com -l fred.¸Œ¤BD, &€€˜€€ã„õ‰‚ÿThese options are equivalent to the username selection box in the Connection panel of the PuTTY configuration box (see section 4.14.1).˜g_C¯D1î9'‡#¯D(EKSection 3.7.3.5: -L, -R and -D: set up port forwardingsCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000028')");EB("btn_up")yAD(E8 @€‚€€€€€€€€€‚ÿSection 3.7.3.5: -L, -R and -D: set up port forwardings دD2F2 2€±€˜€€ãíˆÆ#‰€€‚ÿAs well as setting up port forwardings in the PuTTY configuration (see section 4.22), you can also set up forwardings on the command line. The command-line options work just like the ones in Unix ssh programs.¼(EîF, &€!€˜€€€€‚ÿTo forward a local port (say 5110) to a remote destination (say popserver.example.com port 110), you can write something like one of these:^:2FLG$ €t€€€‚ÿputty -L 5110:popserver.example.com:110 -load mysessionY4îF¥G% €h€˜€€‚ÿplink mysession -L 5110:popserver.example.com:110Ž]LG3H1 2€º€˜€€€€€€‚ÿTo forward a remote port to a local destination, just use the -R option instead of -L:b>¥G•H$ €|€€€‚ÿputty -R 5023:mytelnetserver.myhouse.org:23 -load mysession]83HòH% €p€˜€€‚ÿplink mysession -R 5023:mytelnetserver.myhouse.org:23\•HsI% €¸€˜€€‚ÿTo specify an IP address for the listening end of the tunnel, prepend it to the argument:Q,òHÄI% €X€˜€€‚ÿplink -L 127.0.0.5:23:localhost:23 myhost¶ŠsIzJ, &€€˜€€€€‚ÿTo set up SOCKS-based dynamic port forwarding on a local port, use the -D option. For this one you only have to pass the port number:E ÄI¿J% €@€˜€€‚ÿputty -D 4096 -load mysessionlAzJ+K+ &€‚€˜€€ã¦ÄùN‰‚ÿFor general information on port forwarding, see section 3.5.rM¿JK% €š€˜€€‚ÿThese options are not available in the file transfer tools PSCP and PSFTP.¡p+K>L1}‚±‰$>L°LQOSection 3.7.3.6: -m: read a remote command or script from a fileCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000028')");EB("btn_up")rFK°L, (€Œ€€€€€‚ÿSection 3.7.3.6: -m: read a remote command or script from a file2ú>LâN8 >€õ€˜€€€€ãóWâ܉€€‚ÿThe -m option performs a similar function to the ‘Remote command’ box in the SSH panel of the PuTTY configuration box (see section 4.18.1). However, the -m option expects to be given a local file name, and it will read a command from that file. On most Unix systems, you can even put multiple lines in this file and execute more than one command in sequence, or a whole shell script; but this will not work on all servers (and is known not to work with certain ‘embedded’ servers such as routers).oJ°LQO% €”€˜€€‚ÿThis option is not available in the file transfer tools PSCP and PSFTP.‹ZâN €1'‡%% €h€*ƒSection 3.7.3.7: -P: specify a port numberCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000028')");EB("btn_up")QO €QO\0QOh€, (€`€€€€€‚ÿSection 3.7.3.7: -P: specify a port numberÏ£ €7, &€G€˜€€€€‚ÿThe -P option is used to specify the port number to connect to. If you have a Telnet server running on port 9696 of a machine instead of port 23, for example:F"h€}$ €D€€€‚ÿputty -telnet -P 9696 host.nameG"7Ä% €D€˜€€‚ÿplink -telnet -P 9696 host.name¸Œ}|‚, &€€˜€€€€‚ÿ(Note that this option is more useful in Plink than in PuTTY, because in PuTTY you can write putty -telnet host.name 9696 in any case.)®‚Ä*ƒ, &€€˜€€ã-¥™¦‰‚ÿThis option is equivalent to the port number control in the Session panel of the PuTTY configuration box (see section 4.1.1).‰X|‚³ƒ1v±‰&³ƒ „)†Section 3.7.3.8: -pw: specify a passwordCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000028')");EB("btn_up")Z.*ƒ „, (€\€€€€€‚ÿSection 3.7.3.8: -pw: specify a password,ú³ƒ9…2 2€õ€˜€€€€ã¤ƒùN‰‚ÿA simple way to automate a remote login is to supply your password on the command line. This is not recommended for reasons of security. If you possibly can, we recommend you set up public-key authentication instead. See chapter 8 for details.ðÄ „)†, &€‰€˜€€€€‚ÿNote that the -pw option only works when you are using the SSH protocol. Due to fundamental limitations of Telnet and Rlogin, these protocols do not support automated password authentication.•d9…¾†1R%v'¾†,‡ŠSection 3.7.3.9: -A and -a: control agent forwardingCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000028')");EB("btn_up")n<)†,‡2 4€x€€€€€€€‚ÿSection 3.7.3.9: -A and -a: control agent forwarding²€¾†Þ‡2 2€€˜€€€€€€‚ÿThe -A option turns on SSH agent forwarding, and -a turns it off. These options are only meaningful if you are using SSH. Ó,‡éˆ8 >€§€˜€€ã80«f‰ã΃ùN‰ãσùN‰‚ÿSee chapter 9 for general information on Pageant, and section 9.4 for information on agent forwarding. Note that there is a security risk involved with enabling this option; see section 9.5 for details.µ‰Þ‡ž‰, &€€˜€€ãÊ6Êĉ‚ÿThese options are equivalent to the agent forwarding checkbox in the Auth panel of the PuTTY configuration box (see section 4.20.3).rM鈊% €š€˜€€‚ÿThese options are not available in the file transfer tools PSCP and PSFTP.”cž‰¤Š1©?(¤Š‹MSection 3.7.3.10: -X and -x: control X11 forwardingCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000028')");EB("btn_up")m;Š‹2 4€v€€€€€€€‚ÿSection 3.7.3.10: -X and -x: control X11 forwarding³¤ŠÄ‹2 2€€˜€€€€€€‚ÿThe -X option turns on X11 forwarding in SSH, and -x turns it off. These options are only meaningful if you are using SSH.c8‹'Œ+ &€p€˜€€ã¥ÄùN‰‚ÿFor information on X11 forwarding, see section 3.4.´ˆÄ‹ÛŒ, &€€˜€€ãwÑJ¶‰‚ÿThese options are equivalent to the X11 forwarding checkbox in the Tunnels panel of the PuTTY configuration box (see section 4.21).rM'ŒM% €š€˜€€‚ÿThese options are not available in the file transfer tools PSCP and PSFTP. oÛŒí1˜vM€)ífŽ‘ÀSection 3.7.3.11: -t and -T: control pseudo-terminal allocationCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000028')");EB("btn_up")yGMfŽ2 4€Ž€€€€€€€‚ÿSection 3.7.3.11: -t and -T: control pseudo-terminal allocationçµíM2 2€k€˜€€€€€€‚ÿThe -t option ensures PuTTY attempts to allocate a pseudo-terminal at the server, and -T stops it from allocating one. These options are only meaningful if you are using SSH.ÆšfŽÀ, &€5€˜€€ãçщ‚ÿThese options are equivalent to the ‘Don't allocate a pseudo-terminal’ checkbox in the SSH panel of the PuTTY configuration box (see MÀMsection 4.18.2).rMM‘À% €š€˜€€‚ÿThese options are not available in the file transfer tools PSCP and PSFTP.›jÀ,Á1? ƒ*,Á˜Á¹ÄSection 3.7.3.12: -N: suppress starting a shell or commandCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000028')");EB("btn_up")l@‘À˜Á, (€€€€€€€‚ÿSection 3.7.3.12: -N: suppress starting a shell or command=,ÁÕÂ, &€#€˜€€€€‚ÿThe -N option prevents PuTTY from attempting to start a shell or command on the remote server. You might want to use this option if you are only using the SSH connection for port forwarding, and your user account on the server does not have the ability to run a shell.­‡˜Á‚Ã& €€˜€€‚ÿThis feature is only available in SSH protocol version 2 (since the version 1 protocol assumes you will always want to run a shell).ÈœÕÂJÄ, &€9€˜€€ãS0±‰‚ÿThis option is equivalent to the ‘Don't start a shell or command at all’ checkbox in the SSH panel of the PuTTY configuration box (see section 4.18.3).oJ‚ùÄ% €”€˜€€‚ÿThis option is not available in the file transfer tools PSCP and PSFTP.‰XJÄBÅ1»M€B„+BÅœÅýÆSection 3.7.3.13: -C: enable compressionCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000028')");EB("btn_up")Z.¹ÄœÅ, (€\€€€€€‚ÿSection 3.7.3.13: -C: enable compression¬€BÅHÆ, &€€˜€€€€‚ÿThe -C option enables compression of the data sent across the network. This option is only meaningful if you are using SSH.µ‰œÅýÆ, &€€˜€€ãN§µ‰‚ÿThis option is equivalent to the ‘Enable compression’ checkbox in the SSH panel of the PuTTY configuration box (see section 4.18.4).lHÆšÇ1 ƒÉ…,šÇȱÉSection 3.7.3.14: -1 and -2: specify an SSH protocol versionCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000028')");EB("btn_up")vDýÆÈ2 4€ˆ€€€€€€€‚ÿSection 3.7.3.14: -1 and -2: specify an SSH protocol versionÅ“šÇÕÈ2 2€'€˜€€€€€€‚ÿThe -1 and -2 options force PuTTY to use version 1 or version 2 of the SSH protocol. These options are only meaningful if you are using SSH.ܰȱÉ, &€a€˜€€ã, ÛT‰‚ÿThese options are equivalent to selecting your preferred SSH protocol version as ‘1 only’ or ‘2 only’ in the SSH panel of the PuTTY configuration box (see section 4.18.5).¢qÕÈSÊ1óB„-‡-SÊÎÊFÌSection 3.7.3.15: -4 and -6: specify an Internet protocol versionCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000028')");EB("btn_up"){I±ÉÎÊ2 4€’€€€€€€€‚ÿSection 3.7.3.15: -4 and -6: specify an Internet protocol version”cSÊbË1 2€Æ€˜€€€€€€‚ÿThe -4 and -6 options force PuTTY to use the older Internet protocol IPv4 or the newer IPv6.ä¸ÎÊFÌ, &€q€˜€€ã»†K€‰‚ÿThese options are equivalent to selecting your preferred Internet protocol version as ‘IPv4’ or ‘IPv6’ in the Connection panel of the PuTTY configuration box (see section 4.13.4).‘`bË×Ì1ŽÉ…‰.×Ì9ÍeÏSection 3.7.3.16: -i: specify an SSH private keyCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000028')");EB("btn_up")b6FÌ9Í, (€l€€€€€‚ÿSection 3.7.3.16: -i: specify an SSH private keyöÄ×Ì/Î2 2€‰€˜€€€€€€‚ÿThe -i option allows you to specify the name of a private key file in *.PPK format which PuTTY will use to authenticate with the server. This option is only meaningful if you are using SSH.tI9Í£Î+ &€’€˜€€ã¤ƒùN‰‚ÿFor general information on public-key authentication, see chapter 8.–/ÎeÏ, &€-€˜€€ã„@Ï؉‚ÿThis option is equivalent to the ‘Private key file for authentication’ box in the Auth panel of the PuTTY configuration box (see section 4.20.5).—f£Î 1i-‡/ tuSection 3.7.3.17: -pgpfp: display PGP key fingerprintsCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000028')");EB("btn_up")eÏ eÏh<eÏt, (€x€€€€€‚ÿSection 3.7.3.17: -pgpfp: display PGP key fingerprintsÕ u, &€«€˜€€ã,¼î4‰‚ÿThis option causes the PuTTY tools not to run as normal, but instead to display the fingerprints of the PuTTY PGP Master Keys, in order to aid with verifying new versions. See appendix E for more information.wFtì1‘ ‰Æ0ì6} Chapter 4: Configuring PuTTYCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`Top')");EB("btn_up")J!u6) "€B€€€€‚ÿChapter 4: Configuring PuTTYfAìœ% €‚€˜€€‚ÿThis chapter describes all the configuration options in PuTTY.ðÊ6Œ& €•€˜€€‚ÿPuTTY is configured using the control panel that comes up before you start a session. Some options can also be changed in the middle of a session, by selecting ‘Change Settings’ from the window menu.T%œà/ .€J€ãÿÄùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 4.1: The Session panelT%Œ4/ .€J€ã¢ ²`€€€‰‚ÿSection 4.2: The Logging panelU&à‰/ .€L€ãÅùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 4.3: The Terminal panelU&4Þ/ .€L€ã-ÅùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 4.4: The Keyboard panelQ"‰// .€D€ã$ÅùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 4.5: The Bell panelU&Þ„/ .€L€ã%ÅùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 4.6: The Features panelS$/×/ .€H€ã&ÅùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 4.7: The Window panelW(„./ .€P€ã'ÅùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 4.8: The Appearance panelV'ׄ/ .€N€ã(ÅùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 4.9: The Behaviour panelY*.Ý/ .€T€ã)ÅùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 4.10: The Translation panelW(„4/ .€P€ã*ÅùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 4.11: The Selection panelU&݉/ .€L€ã+ÅùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 4.12: The Colours panelX)4á/ .€R€ã,ÅùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 4.13: The Connection panelR#‰3/ .€F€ãXÅùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 4.14: The Data panelS$á†/ .€H€ãg v–€€€‰‚ÿSection 4.15: The Proxy panelT%3Ú/ .€J€ãOÅùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 4.16: The Telnet panelT%†. / .€J€ãPÅùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 4.17: The Rlogin panelQ"Ú / .€D€ãQÅùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 4.18: The SSH panelQ". Ð / .€D€ãRÅùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 4.19: The Kex panelR# " / .€F€ãSÅùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 4.20: The Auth panelQ"Ð s / .€D€ãwÑJ¶€€€‰‚ÿSection 4.21: The X11 panelU&" È / .€L€ãíˆÆ#€€€‰‚ÿSection 4.22: The Tunnels panelR#s  / .€F€ãTÅùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 4.23: The Bugs panelc4È } / .€h€ãUÅùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 4.24: Storing configuration in a fileN ü 1B,1ü H >Section 4.1: The Session panelCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000046')");EB("btn_up")L#} H ) "€F€€€€‚ÿSection 4.1: The Session panelÚ´ü " & €i€˜€€‚ÿThe Session configuration panel contains the basic options you need to specify in order to open a session at all, and also allows you to save your settings to be reloaded later.Z+H | / .€V€ã-¥™¦€€€‰‚ÿSection 4.1.1: The host name sectiong8" ã / .€p€ã}§B€€€‰‚ÿSection 4.1.2: Loading and storing saved sessions[,| >/ .€X€ã«ßŽï€€€‰‚ÿSection 4.1.3: ‘Close Window on Exit’…Tã Ã1°Æ÷‚2ØCSection 4.1.1: The host name sectionCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000047')");EB("btn_up")R)>) "€R€€€€‚ÿSection 4.1.1: The host name sectionҬà @& €Y€˜€€‚ÿThe top box on the Session panel, labelled ‘Specify your connection by host name’, contains the details that need to be filled in before PuTTY can open a session at all. @>›n§@- *€Ü€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€‚ÿ•The ‘Host Name’ box is where you type the name, or the IP address, of the server you want to connect to.w= @B: B€{€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€ãüÅùN‰ã§ÄùN‰‚ÿ•The ‘Protocol’ radio buttons let you choose what type of connection you want to make: a raw connection, a Telnet connection, an Rlogin connection or an SSH connection. (See section 1.2 for a summary of the differences between SSH, Telnet and rlogin, and section 3.6 for an explanation of ‘raw’ connections.)zL§@˜C. *€™€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€‚ÿ•The ‘Port’ box lets you specify which port number on the server to connect to. If you select Telnet, Rlogin, or SSH, this box will be filled in automatically to the usual value, and you will only need to change it if you have an unusual server. If you select Raw mode, you will almost certainly need to fill in the ‘Port’ box.’aB*D1Œ,  3*D‰Dß‚Section 4.1.2: Loading and storing saved sessionsCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000047')");EB("btn_up")_6˜C‰D) "€l€€€€‚ÿSection 4.1.2: Loading and storing saved sessions°„*D9F, &€ €˜€€€€‚ÿThe next part of the Session configuration panel allows you to save your preferred PuTTY options so they will appear automatically the next time you start PuTTY. It also allows you to create saved sessions, which contain a full set of configuration options plus a host name and protocol. A saved session contains all the information PuTTY needs to start exactly the session you want.!ó‰DZG. *€ç€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€‚ÿ•To save your default settings: first set up the settings the way you want them saved. Then come back to the Session panel. Select the ‘Default Settings’ entry in the saved sessions list, with a single click. Then press the ‘Save’ button. å9FfH' €Ë€˜‘€€‚ÿNote that PuTTY does not allow you to save a host name into the Default Settings entry. This ensures that when PuTTY is started up, the host name box is always empty, so a user can always just type in a host name and connect. ͧZG3I& €O€˜€€‚ÿIf there is a specific host you want to store the details of how to connect to, you should create a saved session, which will be separate from the Default Settings.¥wfHØJ. *€ï€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€‚ÿ•To save a session: first go through the rest of the configuration box setting up all the options you want. Then come back to the Session panel. Enter a name for the saved session in the ‘Saved Sessions’ input box. (The server name is often a good choice for a saved session name.) Then press the ‘Save’ button. Your saved session name should now appear in the list box.[43I3L' €i€˜‘€€‚ÿYou can also save settings in mid-session, from the ‘Change Settings’ dialog. Settings changed since the start of the session will be saved with their current values; as well as settings changed through the dialog, this includes changes in window size, window title changes sent by the server, and so on. ë½ØJM. *€{€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€‚ÿ•To reload a saved session: single-click to select the session name in the list box, and then press the ‘Load’ button. Your saved settings should all appear in the configuration panel. Ü3L(N. *€¹€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€‚ÿ•To modify a saved session: first load it as described above. Then make the changes you want. Come back to the Session panel, and press the ‘Save’ button. The new settings will be saved over the top of the old ones.1 MYO' €€˜‘€€‚ÿTo save the new settings under a different name, you can enter the new name in the ‘Saved Sessions’ box, or single-click to select a session name in the list box to overwrite that session. To save ‘Default Settings’, you must single-click the name before saving. Š](N €- *€º€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€‚ÿ•To start a saved session immediately: double-click on the session name in the list box.YO €˜Cª}YO¶€- *€ú€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€‚ÿ•To delete a saved session: single-click to select the session name in the list box, and then press the ‘Delete’ button.â¼ €˜& €y€˜€€‚ÿEach saved session is independent of the Default Settings configuration. If you change your preferences and update Default Settings, you must also update every saved session separately.b=¶€ú% €z€˜€€‚ÿSaved sessions are stored in the Registry, at the location]8˜W‚% €p€˜€€‚ÿHKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\SimonTatham\PuTTY\Sessionsˆ]úß‚+ &€º€˜€€ãUÅùN‰‚ÿIf you need to store them in a file, you could try the method described in section 4.24.†UW‚eƒ1¸÷‚N 4eƒ¸ƒ‡Section 4.1.3: ‘Close Window on Exit’CBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000047')");EB("btn_up")S*ß‚¸ƒ) "€T€€€€‚ÿSection 4.1.3: ‘Close Window on Exit’…_eƒ=…& €¿€˜€€‚ÿFinally in the Session panel, there is an option labelled ‘Close Window on Exit’. This controls whether the PuTTY terminal window disappears as soon as the session inside it terminates. If you are likely to want to copy and paste text out of the session after it has terminated, or restart the session, you should arrange for this option to be off.ຸƒ‡& €u€˜€€‚ÿ‘Close Window On Exit’ has three settings. ‘Always’ means always close the window on exit; ‘Never’ means never close on exit (always leave the window open, but inactive). The third setting, and the default one, is ‘Only on clean exit’. In this mode, a session which terminates normally will cause its window to close, but one which is aborted unexpectedly by network trouble or a confusing message from the server will leave the window up.N=…œ‡1»  ®€ 5œ‡è‡cÁSection 4.2: The Logging panelCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000046')");EB("btn_up")L#‡è‡) "€F€€€€‚ÿSection 4.2: The Logging panelª„œ‡’ˆ& € €˜€€‚ÿThe Logging configuration panel allows you to save log files of your PuTTY sessions, for debugging, analysis or future reference.”oè‡&‰% €Þ€˜€€‚ÿThe main option is a radio-button set that specifies whether PuTTY will log anything at all. The options are¥x’ˆˉ- *€ð€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€‚ÿ•‘Logging turned off completely’. This is the default option; in this mode PuTTY will not create a log file at all.²„&‰}‹. *€ €T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€‚ÿ•‘Log printable output only’. In this mode, a log file will be created and written to, but only printable text will be saved into it. The various terminal control codes that are typically sent down an interactive session alongside the printable text will be omitted. This might be a useful mode if you want to read a log file in a text editor and hope to be able to make sense of it.Þˉ4 6€½€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€€€‚ÿ•‘Log all session output’. In this mode, everything sent by the server into your terminal session is logged. If you view the log file in a text editor, therefore, you may well find it full of strange control characters. This is a particularly useful mode if you are experiencing problems with PuTTY's terminal handling: you can record everything that went to the terminal, so that someone else can replay the session later in slow motion and watch to see what went wrong.9ÿ}‹È: B€ÿ€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€€€ãÅùN‰‚ÿ•‘Log SSH packet data’. In this mode (which is only used by SSH connections), the SSH message packets sent over the encrypted connection are written to the log file. You might need this to debug a network-level problem, or more likely to send to the PuTTY authors as part of a bug report. BE WARNED that if you log in using a password, the password can appear in the log file; see section 4.2.4 for options that may help to remove sensitive material from the log file before you send it to anyone else.T%(À/ .€J€ãÄÛ¶€€€‰‚ÿSectionÈ(À‡ 4.2.1: ‘Log file name’pAȘÀ/ .€‚€ãmT$%€€€‰‚ÿSection 4.2.2: ‘What to do if the log file already exists’`1(ÀøÀ/ .€b€ãKŒ<€€€‰‚ÿSection 4.2.3: ‘Flush log file frequently’k<˜ÀcÁ/ .€x€ãÅùN€€€‰‚ÿSection 4.2.4: Options specific to SSH packet logging‚QøÀåÁ1EN … 6åÁ1Â*ÈSection 4.2.1: ‘Log file name’CBB("btn_up","JI(`',`logging.main')");EB("btn_up")L#cÁ1Â) "€F€€€€‚ÿSection 4.2.1: ‘Log file name’G!åÁxÃ& €C€˜€€‚ÿIn this edit box you enter the name of the file you want to log the session to. The ‘Browse’ button will let you look around your file system to find the right place to put the file; or if you already know exactly where you want it to go, you can just type a pathname into the edit box.è1ÂŒÄ, &€Ñ€˜€€€€‚ÿThere are a few special features in this box. If you use the & character in the file name box, PuTTY will insert details of the current session in the name of the file it actually opens. The precise replacements it will do are:o?xÃûÄ0 0€~€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€€‚ÿ•&Y will be replaced by the current year, as four digits.o?ŒÄjÅ0 0€~€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€€‚ÿ•&M will be replaced by the current month, as two digits.zJûÄäÅ0 0€”€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€€‚ÿ•&D will be replaced by the current day of the month, as two digits.‹[jÅoÆ0 0€¶€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€€‚ÿ•&T will be replaced by the current time, as six digits (HHMMSS) with no punctuation.rBäÅáÆ0 0€„€T˜‘€8‚€ƒ€€‚ÿ•&H will be replaced by the host name you are connecting to.¢woƃÇ+ &€î€˜€€€€‚ÿFor example, if you enter the host name c:\puttylogs\log-&h-&y&m&d-&t.dat, you will end up with files looking likeR.áÆÕÇ$ €\€€€‚ÿlog-server1.example.com-20010528-110859.datU0ƒÇ*È% €`€˜€€‚ÿlog-unixbox.somewhere.org-20010611-221001.datžmÕÇÈÈ1i®€ (‡ 7ÈÈ0É1ËSection 4.2.2: ‘What to do if the log file already exists’CBB("btn_up","JI(`',`logging.main')");EB("btn_up")h?*È0É) "€~€€€€‚ÿSection 4.2.2: ‘What to do if the log file already exists’ÕÈÈ1Ë, &€«€˜€€€€‚ÿThis control allows you to specify what PuTTY should do if it tries to start writing to a log file and it finds the file already exists. You might want to automatically destroy the existing log file and start a new one with the same name. Alternatively, you might want to open the existing log file and add data to the end of it. Finally (the default option), you might not want to have any automatic behaviour, but to ask the user every time the problem comes up.Ž]0É¿Ë1… ɉ 8¿ËÌÕÎSection 4.2.3: ‘Flush log file frequently’CBB("btn_up","JI(`',`logging.main')");EB("btn_up")X/1ËÌ) "€^€€€€‚ÿSection 4.2.3: ‘Flush log file frequently’jD¿ËÍ& €‰€˜€€‚ÿThis option allows you to control how frequently logged data is flushed to disc. By default, PuTTY will flush data as soon as it is displayed, so that if you view the log file while a session is still open, it will be up to date; and if the client system crashes, there's a greater chance that the data will be preserved.T.ÌÕÎ& €]€˜€€‚ÿHowever, this can incur a performance penalty. If PuTTY is running slowly with logging enabled, you could try unchecking this option. Be warned that the log file may not always be up to date as a result (although it will of course be flushed when it is closed, for instance at the end of a session).™hÍnÏ1Î(‡ ƒ 9nÏÑÏHSection 4.2.4: Options specific to SSH packet loggingCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`logging.main')");EB("btn_up")c:ÕÎÑÏ) "€t€€€€‚ÿSection 4.2.4: Options specific to SSH packet loggingd?nÏA% €~€˜€€‚ÿThese optÑÏAÕÎions only apply if SSH packet data is being logged.J$ÑÏ‹& €I€˜€€‚ÿThe following options allow particularly sensitive portions of unencrypted packets to be automatically left out of the log file. They are only intended to deter casual nosiness; an attacker could glean a lot of useful information from even these obfuscated logs (e.g., length of password).c4Aî/ .€h€ã•­¤ƒ€€€‰‚ÿSection 4.2.4.1: ‘Omit known password fields’Z+‹H/ .€V€ãdb¢D€€€‰‚ÿSection 4.2.4.2: ‘Omit session data’Ž]îÖ1ɉ ö :Ö1éSection 4.2.4.1: ‘Omit known password fields’CBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000048')");EB("btn_up")[2H1) "€d€€€€‚ÿSection 4.2.4.1: ‘Omit known password fields’.Ö_& €€˜€€‚ÿWhen checked, password fields are removed from the log of transmitted packets. (This includes any user responses to challenge-response authentication methods such as ‘keyboard-interactive’.) This does not include X11 authentication data if using X11 forwarding.@1Ÿ, &€)€˜€€€€‚ÿNote that this will only omit data that PuTTY knows to be a password. However, if you start another login session within your PuTTY session, for instance, any password used will appear in the clear in the packet log. The next option may be of use to protect against this.J%_é% €J€˜€€‚ÿThis option is enabled by default.…TŸn1ªƒ , ;nÀSection 4.2.4.2: ‘Omit session data’CBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000048')");EB("btn_up")R)éÀ) "€R€€€€‚ÿSection 4.2.4.2: ‘Omit session data’ çnÍ& €Ï€˜€€‚ÿWhen checked, all ‘session data’ is omitted; this is defined as data in terminal sessions and in forwarded channels (TCP, X11, and authentication agent). This will usually substantially reduce the size of the resulting log file.K&À% €L€˜€€‚ÿThis option is disabled by default.€O͘1"ö Y <˜åº Section 4.3: The Terminal panelCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000046')");EB("btn_up")M$å) "€H€€€€‚ÿSection 4.3: The Terminal panel‹f˜p % €Ì€˜€€‚ÿThe Terminal configuration panel allows you to control the behaviour of PuTTY's terminal emulation.b3åÒ / .€f€ãÝéàý€€€‰‚ÿSection 4.3.1: ‘Auto wrap mode initially on’c4p 5 / .€h€ã€ç¡:€€€‰‚ÿSection 4.3.2: ‘DEC Origin Mode initially on’^/Ò “ / .€^€ã—[K€€€‰‚ÿSection 4.3.3: ‘Implicit CR in every LF’l=5 ÿ / .€z€ãØÆs¦€€€‰‚ÿSection 4.3.4: ‘Use background colour to erase screen’[,“ Z / .€X€ãL;B:€€€‰‚ÿSection 4.3.5: ‘Enable blinking text’W(ÿ ± / .€P€ã•Ü.ó€€€‰‚ÿSection 4.3.6: ‘Answerback to ^E’Q"Z  / .€D€ãl{Þ}€€€‰‚ÿSection 4.3.7: ‘Local echo’Y*± [ / .€T€ãÕ‚Þ}€€€‰‚ÿSection 4.3.8: ‘Local line editing’_0 º / .€`€ãá²³ƒ€€€‰‚ÿSection 4.3.9: Remote-controlled printing\[ G 1”, C =G ¡ çASection 4.3.1: ‘Auto wrap mode initially on’CBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000049')");EB("btn_up")Z1º ¡ ) "€b€€€€‚ÿSection 4.3.1: ‘Auto wrap mode initially on’›vG <% €ì€˜€€‚ÿAuto wrap mode controls what happens when text printed in a PuTTY window reaches the right-hand edge of the window.Z4¡ –& €i€˜€€‚ÿWith auto wrap mode on, if a long line of text reaches the right-hand edge, it will wrap over on to the next line so you can still see all the text. With auto wrap mode off, the cursor will stay at the right-hand edge of the screen, and all the characters in the line will be printed on top of each other.Ъ<r@& €U€˜€€‚ÿIf you are running a full-screen application and you occasionally f–r@º ind the screen scrolling up when it looks as if it shouldn't, you could try turning this option off.uC–çA2 2€‡€˜€€€€ã€ÄùN‰‚ÿAuto wrap mode can be turned on and off by control sequences sent by the server. This configuration option controls the default state, which will be restored when you reset the terminal (see section 3.1.3.6). However, if you modify this option in mid-session using ‘Change Settings’, it will take effect immediately.Ž]r@uB1ãY 4† >uBÐBXHSection 4.3.2: ‘DEC Origin Mode initially on’CBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000049')");EB("btn_up")[2çAÐB) "€d€€€€‚ÿSection 4.3.2: ‘DEC Origin Mode initially on’£~uBsC% €ü€˜€€‚ÿDEC Origin Mode is a minor option which controls how PuTTY interprets cursor-position control sequences sent by the server.X2ÐBËD& €e€˜€€‚ÿThe server can send a control sequence that restricts the scrolling region of the display. For example, in an editor, the server might reserve a line at the top of the screen and a line at the bottom, and might send a control sequence that causes scrolling operations to affect only the remaining lines.þØsCÉE& €±€˜€€‚ÿWith DEC Origin Mode on, cursor coordinates are counted from the top of the scrolling region. With it turned off, cursor coordinates are counted from the top of the whole screen regardless of the scrolling region.óËDâF& €ç€˜€€‚ÿIt is unlikely you would need to change this option, but if you find a full-screen application is displaying pieces of text in what looks like the wrong part of the screen, you could try turning DEC Origin Mode on to see whether that helps.vDÉEXH2 2€‰€˜€€€€ã€ÄùN‰‚ÿDEC Origin Mode can be turned on and off by control sequences sent by the server. This configuration option controls the default state, which will be restored when you reset the terminal (see section 3.1.3.6). However, if you modify this option in mid-session using ‘Change Settings’, it will take effect immediately.‰XâFáH1nC .‰ ?áH7IOMSection 4.3.3: ‘Implicit CR in every LF’CBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000049')");EB("btn_up")V-XH7I) "€Z€€€€‚ÿSection 4.3.3: ‘Implicit CR in every LF’'áH^J& €€˜€€‚ÿMost servers send two control characters, CR and LF, to start a new line of the screen. The CR character makes the cursor return to the left-hand side of the screen. The LF character makes the cursor move one line down (and might make the screen scroll).òÌ7IPK& €™€˜€€‚ÿSome servers only send LF, and expect the terminal to move the cursor over to the left automatically. If you come across a server that does this, you will see a stepped effect on the screen, like this:9^J‰K$ €*€€€‚ÿFirst line of textD PKÍK$ €@€€€‚ÿ Second lineO*‰KL% €T€˜€€‚ÿ Third line–qÍK²L% €â€˜€€‚ÿIf this happens to you, try enabling the ‘Implicit CR in every LF’ option, and things might go back to normal:9LëL$ €*€€€‚ÿFirst line of text2²LM$ €€€€‚ÿSecond line2 ëLOM% €€˜€€‚ÿThird line—fMæM1«4† ó @æMJN‚Section 4.3.4: ‘Use background colour to erase screen’CBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000049')");EB("btn_up")d;OMJN) "€v€€€€‚ÿSection 4.3.4: ‘Use background colour to erase screen’`4æMªO, &€i€˜€€€€‚ÿNot all terminals agree on what colour to turn the screen when the server sends a ‘clear screen’ sequence. Some terminals believe the screen should always be cleared to the default background colour. Others believe the screen should be cleared to whatever the server has selected as a background colour.–qJNL€% €â€˜€€‚ÿThere exist applications that expect both kinds ªOL€OMof behaviour. Therefore, PuTTY can be configured to do either.Ó§ªO, &€O€˜€€€€‚ÿWith this option disabled, screen clearing is always done in the default background colour. With this option enabled, it is done in the current background colour.~LL€‚2 2€™€˜€€€€ã€ÄùN‰‚ÿBackground-colour erase can be turned on and off by control sequences sent by the server. This configuration option controls the default state, which will be restored when you reset the terminal (see section 3.1.3.6). However, if you modify this option in mid-session using ‘Change Settings’, it will take effect immediately.†U#ƒ1A.‰  A#ƒvƒd†Section 4.3.5: ‘Enable blinking text’CBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000049')");EB("btn_up")S*‚vƒ) "€T€€€€‚ÿSection 4.3.5: ‘Enable blinking text’½—#ƒ3„& €/€˜€€‚ÿThe server can ask PuTTY to display text that blinks on and off. This is very distracting, so PuTTY allows you to turn blinking text off completely.½—vƒð„& €/€˜€€‚ÿWhen blinking text is disabled and the server attempts to make some text blink, PuTTY will instead display the text with a bolded background colour.tB3„d†2 2€…€˜€€€€ã€ÄùN‰‚ÿBlinking text can be turned on and off by control sequences sent by the server. This configuration option controls the default state, which will be restored when you reset the terminal (see section 3.1.3.6). However, if you modify this option in mid-session using ‘Change Settings’, it will take effect immediately.‚Qð„æ†1Šó 9 Bæ†5‡p‹Section 4.3.6: ‘Answerback to ^E’CBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000049')");EB("btn_up")O&d†5‡) "€L€€€€‚ÿSection 4.3.6: ‘Answerback to ^E’Á›æ†ö‡& €7€˜€€‚ÿThis option controls what PuTTY will send back to the server if the server sends it the ^E enquiry character. Normally it just sends the string ‘PuTTY’.Ã5‡¹‰& €;€˜€€‚ÿIf you accidentally write the contents of a binary file to your terminal, you will probably find that it contains more than one ^E character, and as a result your next command line will probably read ‘PuTTYPuTTYPuTTY...’ as if you had typed the answerback string multiple times at the keyboard. If you set the answerback string to be empty, this problem should go away, but doing so might cause other problems. Úö‡ÅŠ2 2€µ€˜€€€€ã6Õ‰‚ÿNote that this is not the feature of PuTTY which the server will typically use to determine your terminal type. That feature is the ‘Terminal-type string’ in the Connection panel; see section 4.14.2 for details.«t¹‰p‹7 >€è€˜€€€€€€€€‚ÿYou can include control characters in the answerback string using ^C notation. (Use ^~ to get a literal ^.)|KÅŠì‹1I  Cì‹5Œ5Section 4.3.7: ‘Local echo’CBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000049')");EB("btn_up")I p‹5Œ) "€@€€€€‚ÿSection 4.3.7: ‘Local echo’2ì‹g2 2€€˜€€€€€€‚ÿWith local echo disabled, characters you type into the PuTTY window are not echoed in the window by PuTTY. They are simply sent to the server. (The server might choose to echo them back to you; this can't be controlled from the PuTTY control panel.)Ψ5Œ5& €Q€˜€€‚ÿSome types of session need local echo, and many do not. In its default mode, PuTTY will automatically attempt to deduce whether or not local echo is appropriate for the session you are working in. If you find it has made the wrong decision, you can use this configuration option to override its choice: you can force local echo to be turned on, or force it to be turned off, instead of relying on the automatic detection.„Sg¹1×9 é„ D¹ÀœÅSection 4.3.8: ‘Local line editing’CBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000049')");EB("btn_up")Q(5À) "€P€€€€‚ÿSection 4.3.8: ‘Local line ¹À5editing’šu¹°À% €ê€˜€€‚ÿNormally, every character you type into the PuTTY window is sent immediately to the server the moment you type it.[5À Â& €k€˜€€‚ÿIf you enable local line editing, this changes. PuTTY will let you edit a whole line at a time locally, and the line will only be sent to the server when you press Return. If you make a mistake, you can use the Backspace key to correct it before you press Return, and the server will never see the mistake.«°À¶Ã, &€ÿ€˜€€ãl{Þ}‰‚ÿSince it is hard to edit a line locally without being able to see it, local line editing is mostly used in conjunction with local echo (section 4.3.7). This makes it ideal for use in raw mode or when connecting to MUDs or talkers. (Although some more advanced MUDs do occasionally turn local line editing on and turn local echo off, in order to accept a password from the user.)æÀ ÂœÅ& €€˜€€‚ÿSome types of session need local line editing, and many do not. In its default mode, PuTTY will automatically attempt to deduce whether or not local line editing is appropriate for the session you are working in. If you find it has made the wrong decision, you can use this configuration option to override its choice: you can force local line editing to be turned on, or force it to be turned off, instead of relying on the automatic detection.ŠY¶Ã&Æ11 'Š E&Æ}ÆWÌSection 4.3.9: Remote-controlled printingCBB("btn_up","JI(`',`t00000049')");EB("btn_up")W.œÅ}Æ) "€\€€€€‚ÿSection 4.3.9: Remote-controlled pr